Particle Talk - The Higgs Boson

The Higgs boson is a quantized excitation of the Higgs field, believed to permeate all of space, and is the only fundamental scalar boson with spin 0 in the Standard Model. It's related to the Higgs mechanism, where other fundamental particles acquire mass based on their interaction strength with the Higgs field. However, not all mass is directly generated by the Higgs boson itself; the majority of the mass of protons and neutrons originates from the strong interaction energy between quarks and gluons. The Higgs boson has a mass of approximately 125 GeV/c² and was discovered in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. The Higgs field possessed different symmetries in the very high-energy state of the early universe, and it's explained that the current state was formed through spontaneous symmetry breaking as the universe cooled. Research precisely measuring the properties of the Higgs boson plays a crucial role in verifying the completeness of the Standard Model and exploring physical phenomena beyond it, such as dark matter or new fundamental particles.