上課囉

Today the teacher asked me to stay after school for a review.

A subject I briefly studied but didn't continue with later. Don't ask me any questions, I don't know anything 🤣

Pulled out my old notes from when I was studying for the civil service exam😆 I'm writing this based on my memory, so it might not be perfectly accurate, and laws might have changed. Don't take it too seriously, and feel free to skip if you find it boring🤣 I used to find these legal theories quite interesting, but unfortunately, they didn't weigh heavily on the grades~ ① Natural Law vs. Legal Positivism Mainly discusses the relationship between law and morality/justice. 🔹 Natural Law: Emphasizes that law should align with higher values like fairness and justice. Simply put, 'an unjust law is not a law.' 🔹 Legal Positivism: Focuses on whether a law was enacted according to valid legal procedures. The validity of law doesn't necessarily depend on whether it conforms to morality. Simply put, 'an unjust law is still a law.' ② Free Law vs. Conceptual Jurisprudence (Mechanical Jurisprudence) Mainly discusses how judges should interpret and apply the law. 🔹 Free Law: Argues that judges shouldn't just mechanically apply statutes. When there are loopholes in the law, judges should have some room for legal creation. 🔹 Conceptual Jurisprudence: Emphasizes deduction based on existing legal concepts and logic, valuing legal certainty and opposing arbitrary law-making by judges.

Haven't taken a mid-term exam yet, wondering about the general format.

Pulled out my old notes from when I was studying for the civil service exam😆 I'm writing this based on my memory, so it might not be 100% accurate, and laws might have changed. Don't take it too seriously, and feel free to skip if you find it boring🤣 📚 Both are private individuals working for the government, but their status is different? Three types of private individuals assisting the government in executing public duties: ① Entrusted with exercising public power (Administrative Entrustment) The government legally entrusts the exercise of certain public powers to private entities. Within the scope of the entrustment, the entrusted entity can make administrative dispositions in its own name. If citizens are dissatisfied, they can file for administrative remedies according to the law. ② Administrative Assistant (Administrative Auxiliary Person) You can think of them as the government agency's 'tool.' Although they assist in executing public duties, they do not have the qualification to independently exercise public power. If you are dissatisfied with a disposition made by the administrative agency, the subject of remedy is, in principle, the administrative agency itself, not the assistant. ③ Expert Participation (Independent Administrative Assistant) For example, when the government requests an expert to conduct an appraisal, the expert can independently provide professional opinions, but this does not mean they have the authority to make administrative dispositions. If the government makes a disposition based on their appraisal report and citizens are dissatisfied, they should, in principle, seek remedies against the disposition of the administrative agency, not the expert. Simply put, the biggest difference among the three is whether they have been legally granted the authority to independently exercise public power.

Feeling down

The paper title is this~ Schulz, S., Woerl, A. C., Jungmann, F., Glasner, C., Stenzel, P., Strobl, S., ... & Foersch, S. (2021). Multimodal deep learning for prognosis prediction in renal cancer. Frontiers in oncology, 11, 788740.

Igneous Rocks: Basalt, Andesite, Granite. Granite has the largest crystals and is an intrusive rock. Sedimentary Rocks: Sandstone, Conglomerate, Shale (Limestone). Shale is an aquitard, with the smallest and densest particles. Metamorphic Rocks: Marble (formed from limestone), Slate, Schist (from shale), Quartzite

Double radicals... I think?