Homo sapiens

This is the scientific name for modern humans, meaning 'wise man'. Key Characteristics Origin and Period: Appeared in Africa approximately 300,000 years ago and spread worldwide around 60,000-70,000 years ago. Physical Traits: Possess a large brain capacity (approx. 1,350cc), a prominent forehead and chin, a thin skull, and a skeletal structure optimized for bipedalism. Culture and Society: Developed symbolic thinking and social cooperation through advanced language and symbol use, tool-making (stone and bone tools), artistic activities (cave paintings), and burial rituals.